Integrand size = 25, antiderivative size = 186 \[ \int \sec ^6(e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)} \, dx=\frac {(a+b) \left (a^2-2 a b+5 b^2\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)}}\right )}{16 b^{5/2} f}+\frac {\left (a^2-2 a b+5 b^2\right ) \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)}}{16 b^2 f}-\frac {(3 a-5 b) \tan (e+f x) \left (a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}}{24 b^2 f}+\frac {\sec ^2(e+f x) \tan (e+f x) \left (a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}}{6 b f} \]
[Out]
Time = 0.20 (sec) , antiderivative size = 186, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 6, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.240, Rules used = {4231, 427, 396, 201, 223, 212} \[ \int \sec ^6(e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)} \, dx=\frac {(a+b) \left (a^2-2 a b+5 b^2\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}\right )}{16 b^{5/2} f}+\frac {\left (a^2-2 a b+5 b^2\right ) \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}{16 b^2 f}-\frac {(3 a-5 b) \tan (e+f x) \left (a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b\right )^{3/2}}{24 b^2 f}+\frac {\tan (e+f x) \sec ^2(e+f x) \left (a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b\right )^{3/2}}{6 b f} \]
[In]
[Out]
Rule 201
Rule 212
Rule 223
Rule 396
Rule 427
Rule 4231
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \left (1+x^2\right )^2 \sqrt {a+b+b x^2} \, dx,x,\tan (e+f x)\right )}{f} \\ & = \frac {\sec ^2(e+f x) \tan (e+f x) \left (a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}}{6 b f}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \left (-a+5 b-(3 a-5 b) x^2\right ) \sqrt {a+b+b x^2} \, dx,x,\tan (e+f x)\right )}{6 b f} \\ & = -\frac {(3 a-5 b) \tan (e+f x) \left (a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}}{24 b^2 f}+\frac {\sec ^2(e+f x) \tan (e+f x) \left (a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}}{6 b f}+\frac {\left (a^2-2 a b+5 b^2\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \sqrt {a+b+b x^2} \, dx,x,\tan (e+f x)\right )}{8 b^2 f} \\ & = \frac {\left (a^2-2 a b+5 b^2\right ) \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)}}{16 b^2 f}-\frac {(3 a-5 b) \tan (e+f x) \left (a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}}{24 b^2 f}+\frac {\sec ^2(e+f x) \tan (e+f x) \left (a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}}{6 b f}+\frac {\left ((a+b) \left (a^2-2 a b+5 b^2\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b+b x^2}} \, dx,x,\tan (e+f x)\right )}{16 b^2 f} \\ & = \frac {\left (a^2-2 a b+5 b^2\right ) \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)}}{16 b^2 f}-\frac {(3 a-5 b) \tan (e+f x) \left (a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}}{24 b^2 f}+\frac {\sec ^2(e+f x) \tan (e+f x) \left (a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}}{6 b f}+\frac {\left ((a+b) \left (a^2-2 a b+5 b^2\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-b x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {\tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)}}\right )}{16 b^2 f} \\ & = \frac {(a+b) \left (a^2-2 a b+5 b^2\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)}}\right )}{16 b^{5/2} f}+\frac {\left (a^2-2 a b+5 b^2\right ) \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)}}{16 b^2 f}-\frac {(3 a-5 b) \tan (e+f x) \left (a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}}{24 b^2 f}+\frac {\sec ^2(e+f x) \tan (e+f x) \left (a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}}{6 b f} \\ \end{align*}
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 15.53 (sec) , antiderivative size = 407, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.19 \[ \int \sec ^6(e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)} \, dx=\frac {e^{i (e+f x)} \sqrt {4 b+a e^{-2 i (e+f x)} \left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )^2} \cos (e+f x) \left (-\frac {i \sqrt {b} \left (-1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right ) \left (-3 a^2 \left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )^4+4 a b \left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )^2 \left (1+4 e^{2 i (e+f x)}+e^{4 i (e+f x)}\right )+b^2 \left (15+100 e^{2 i (e+f x)}+298 e^{4 i (e+f x)}+100 e^{6 i (e+f x)}+15 e^{8 i (e+f x)}\right )\right )}{\left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )^6}-\frac {3 \left (a^3-a^2 b+3 a b^2+5 b^3\right ) \log \left (\frac {-4 \sqrt {b} \left (-1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right ) f+4 i \sqrt {4 b e^{2 i (e+f x)}+a \left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )^2} f}{1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}}\right )}{\sqrt {4 b e^{2 i (e+f x)}+a \left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )^2}}\right ) \sqrt {a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)}}{24 \sqrt {2} b^{5/2} f \sqrt {a+2 b+a \cos (2 e+2 f x)}} \]
[In]
[Out]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(1374\) vs. \(2(166)=332\).
Time = 17.26 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1375, normalized size of antiderivative = 7.39
[In]
[Out]
none
Time = 1.07 (sec) , antiderivative size = 468, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.52 \[ \int \sec ^6(e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)} \, dx=\left [\frac {3 \, {\left (a^{3} - a^{2} b + 3 \, a b^{2} + 5 \, b^{3}\right )} \sqrt {b} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{5} \log \left (\frac {{\left (a^{2} - 6 \, a b + b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} + 8 \, {\left (a b - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + 4 \, {\left ({\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{3} + 2 \, b \cos \left (f x + e\right )\right )} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} \sin \left (f x + e\right ) + 8 \, b^{2}}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4}}\right ) - 4 \, {\left ({\left (3 \, a^{2} b - 4 \, a b^{2} - 15 \, b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - 8 \, b^{3} - 2 \, {\left (a b^{2} + 5 \, b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} \sin \left (f x + e\right )}{192 \, b^{3} f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{5}}, \frac {3 \, {\left (a^{3} - a^{2} b + 3 \, a b^{2} + 5 \, b^{3}\right )} \sqrt {-b} \arctan \left (-\frac {{\left ({\left (a - b\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{3} + 2 \, b \cos \left (f x + e\right )\right )} \sqrt {-b} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}}}{2 \, {\left (a b \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b^{2}\right )} \sin \left (f x + e\right )}\right ) \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{5} - 2 \, {\left ({\left (3 \, a^{2} b - 4 \, a b^{2} - 15 \, b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{4} - 8 \, b^{3} - 2 \, {\left (a b^{2} + 5 \, b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + b}{\cos \left (f x + e\right )^{2}}} \sin \left (f x + e\right )}{96 \, b^{3} f \cos \left (f x + e\right )^{5}}\right ] \]
[In]
[Out]
\[ \int \sec ^6(e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)} \, dx=\int \sqrt {a + b \sec ^{2}{\left (e + f x \right )}} \sec ^{6}{\left (e + f x \right )}\, dx \]
[In]
[Out]
none
Time = 0.20 (sec) , antiderivative size = 317, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.70 \[ \int \sec ^6(e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)} \, dx=\frac {\frac {8 \, {\left (b \tan \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a + b\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}} \tan \left (f x + e\right )^{3}}{b} + \frac {3 \, {\left (a + b\right )}^{2} a \operatorname {arsinh}\left (\frac {b \tan \left (f x + e\right )}{\sqrt {{\left (a + b\right )} b}}\right )}{b^{\frac {5}{2}}} + \frac {3 \, {\left (a + b\right )}^{2} \operatorname {arsinh}\left (\frac {b \tan \left (f x + e\right )}{\sqrt {{\left (a + b\right )} b}}\right )}{b^{\frac {3}{2}}} - \frac {12 \, {\left (a + b\right )} a \operatorname {arsinh}\left (\frac {b \tan \left (f x + e\right )}{\sqrt {{\left (a + b\right )} b}}\right )}{b^{\frac {3}{2}}} - \frac {12 \, {\left (a + b\right )} \operatorname {arsinh}\left (\frac {b \tan \left (f x + e\right )}{\sqrt {{\left (a + b\right )} b}}\right )}{\sqrt {b}} + \frac {24 \, a \operatorname {arsinh}\left (\frac {b \tan \left (f x + e\right )}{\sqrt {{\left (a + b\right )} b}}\right )}{\sqrt {b}} + 24 \, \sqrt {b} \operatorname {arsinh}\left (\frac {b \tan \left (f x + e\right )}{\sqrt {{\left (a + b\right )} b}}\right ) + 24 \, \sqrt {b \tan \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a + b} \tan \left (f x + e\right ) - \frac {6 \, {\left (b \tan \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a + b\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}} {\left (a + b\right )} \tan \left (f x + e\right )}{b^{2}} + \frac {3 \, \sqrt {b \tan \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a + b} {\left (a + b\right )}^{2} \tan \left (f x + e\right )}{b^{2}} + \frac {24 \, {\left (b \tan \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a + b\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}} \tan \left (f x + e\right )}{b} - \frac {12 \, \sqrt {b \tan \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a + b} {\left (a + b\right )} \tan \left (f x + e\right )}{b}}{48 \, f} \]
[In]
[Out]
\[ \int \sec ^6(e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)} \, dx=\int { \sqrt {b \sec \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a} \sec \left (f x + e\right )^{6} \,d x } \]
[In]
[Out]
Timed out. \[ \int \sec ^6(e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)} \, dx=\int \frac {\sqrt {a+\frac {b}{{\cos \left (e+f\,x\right )}^2}}}{{\cos \left (e+f\,x\right )}^6} \,d x \]
[In]
[Out]